Causes of Keratitis

1. Infections

Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause keratitis. Conditions such as canine herpesvirus or bacterial infections from injuries can lead to inflammation.

2. Trauma

Injuries to the eye, such as scratches or foreign objects, can irritate the cornea and result in keratitis. Dogs that are active or have a tendency to explore may be more prone to such injuries.

3. Environmental Factors

Exposure to irritants like smoke, dust, or chemicals can cause keratitis. Allergies to pollen or other environmental factors may also contribute to the condition.

4. Dry Eye (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca)

Insufficient tear production can lead to dry eye, which may cause keratitis. This condition is often seen in certain breeds that are predisposed to it.

Symptoms of Keratitis

1. Redness and Swelling

The affected eye may appear red and swollen due to inflammation. This is often one of the first noticeable signs.

2. Discharge

Dogs with keratitis may have watery or pus-like discharge from the eye. This can indicate infection or irritation.

3. Excessive Tearing

Increased tear production can occur as the eye attempts to protect itself from irritation, leading to watery eyes.

4. Squinting and Pawing at the Eye

Your dog may squint or paw at their eye due to discomfort. This behavior can indicate pain or irritation in the affected area.

Diagnosis and Treatment

1. Veterinary Examination

If you suspect keratitis, it’s essential to consult a veterinarian. They will perform a thorough eye examination, possibly using special dyes to assess the cornea's condition.

2. Treatment Options

Treatment may include:

• Topical antibiotics or antifungals for infections.
• Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce swelling and pain.
• Artificial tears for dry eye conditions.
• In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Prevention

1. Regular Eye Check-ups

Routine veterinary check-ups can help detect early signs of eye problems, including keratitis.

2. Protecting the Eyes

Keep your dog away from potential irritants and provide protective eyewear if they are prone to eye injuries.

Conclusion

Keratitis is a significant eye condition that can lead to complications if left untreated. Awareness of the symptoms and seeking prompt veterinary care can help ensure your dog's eye health and overall well-being.